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social presence

so·cial pres·ence

/ˈsōSHəl/ /ˈprezəns/

Noun

The behaviors and interactions among members of a classroom community that foster a collaborative environment. Interactions can be student-to-student, student-to-teacher (and vice-versa), student-to-content, and student-to-the-world. Learning is social!

Surveying Students Mid-semester to Instigate Immediate Changes

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decorative image
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Credit: Adrian from Pixabay

An ungraded, anonymous mid-semester survey offers students a chance to voice concerns and ask questions about a course and its administration. Surveys of this type can be setup easily in Canvas. Compiled results can fuel a follow-up conversation and/or announcement where the instructor can address student feedback by answering questions and alleviating issues or making plans to do so.

Surveying Students to Check for Understanding

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Survey: What do you know about copyright?
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Credit: © Penn State is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 

Do you ever notice that a large percentage of students are having a hard time grasping a concept or following procedures properly? It might be time to send out a quick survey to figure out what’s going on. Soliciting student feedback to gain an understanding of where students are coming from can help you hone your teaching to make the maximum impact.

Questioning Students to Elicit Feedback About Your Course

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What is the one thing that you wish you had known before you took this course?
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Credit: © Penn State is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 

Just ask! Sometimes you must ask the right question to get the conversation started. An example of a great prompt for student feedback is to ask students to share “The one thing I wish I had known before I took this course is...” Replies to this prompt are exactly the kind of information that can help you address misunderstandings or clear up poor instructions or explanations.

Feedback Loops and Formative Assessment: Gathering Feedback from Students about the Effectiveness of Your Course

Feedback = idea, response, opinion, survey, comment, rating, result, advice

Credit: © STOATPHOTO / Adobe Stock

Don’t wait for formal evaluations to find out what your students are thinking and how they feel. A recent study by Jonas Flodén (2017) notes that “Student feedback pushes teaching choices … toward more student-teacher interaction” (Discussion section, para. 3). Findings like this illustrate the demand for more connection.

Using Professionally Produced Video Lectures

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screenshot of a video with an instructor with a PowerPoint
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Credit: T. Palmer © Penn State is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 

A presentation recorded in the studio produces a polished resource that can be used to share knowledge and content and provide an opportunity for students to review the material as often as needed to ensure comprehension. Professor Todd Palmer has recorded all his lectures for a course on Materials Science. Viewers can see the presentation and the instructor along with the laser pointer motion directing student attention.

Using Video-Based Asynchronous Discussions

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4 cartoon heads with a picture of a play button in the right corner.
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© Penn State is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 

Video-based asynchronous discussions are an excellent alternative, or addition to, text-based discussions. Video-based asynchronous discussions utilize an app to create a group discussion or sharing opportunity where students record short videos of themselves and respond to their peers' posts via video. Video discussions are very effective at creating social and teaching presence and increased collaboration.

Using First-day Information Sheets to Support Inclusive Teaching

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example form with personal questions
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Credit: Addy, T., et al. (2021). What Inclusive Instructors Do. Stylus Publishing.

A great way to begin with an inclusive tone and show your commitment to helping students succeed is to gather anonymous information from your students so that you have a good idea of who is in your classroom. This sort of voluntary activity can help students disclose their equity challenges, perspectives, and other factors they’ll bring to class, like emotions and mindsets.

Acknowledging Names and Pronouns to Support Belonging

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name, pronouns, name rhymes with.., name means....
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Credit: © Penn State is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 

Communicate respect for your students by learning the correct pronunciations and preferred versions of their names and by allowing space for pronoun sharing. Avoid mispronouncing student names in class, which usually results in discomfort for everyone involved. This is especially important because research has shown that students who are uncomfortable are less likely to perform well.

Building Student Engagement with Discussions

Overhead view of students sharing at a round table.

Credit: ScreenFlow, under license agreement by Jane Sutterlin

Whether for a resident course or online, cultivating a human-centered classroom community takes time and effort. Discussion forums can help. Content-delivery discussion forums help students interact when considering content-related questions and topics, but other kinds of discussions can help create an interactive community of learners who share and get to know each other outside of the realm of course content. Consider the following:

Building Student Engagement with Faculty Presence Using Video

man standing with oil tanks in the background

Credit: © Penn State is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Research shows that faculty presence and perceived connection in an asynchronous, online course can increase student satisfaction, motivation, and retention and reduce student feelings of isolation and confusion. Including weekly video announcements and/or lesson introductions is one way to accomplish this.